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Discover Apple Mac with xAssets Network Discovery

Networked Apple Mac computers can be discovered through SSH

SSH should be enabled to allow the discovery process to extract asset data from each Apple Mac device

27 March 2024

Claire Bowditch

Introduction

xAssets Network Discovery is able to discover Apple Mac, Linux, Unix, AIX and any other UX flavor computers through the SSH protocol. This is achieved by using SSH to connect to each Apple Mac device and extract asset data. SSH must be enabled on each Apple Mac device to allow the discovery process to work.

Enable SSH

To enable SSH on an Apple Mac, follow these steps:

Click the Apple Icon at the top left of the screen
Click on System Settings
Click on Sharing (or search for "sharing")
Tick the Remote Login checkbox so it is "On"
Tick the Allow full disk access for remote users checkbox
Add the necessary users to the "Allow access for" list of permitted users
Click Done

Create a Credential Pack for SSH

Apple Mac discovery requires a Credential Pack for SSH.

Log into xAssets and click Discover > Prepare > Manage Credentials

Click "New" at the top of the screen

Enter credentials for discovering an Apple Mac

Name the pack "Apple", complete the credentials, and then click OK to save.

It is also possible to create a "matching" credential pack. When these packs exist, discovery will inspect the ping footprint of the asset being pinged, and use the appropriate credential pack based on the ping footprint. To save a matching credential pack, use the same instructions as above, but choose "Matching Pack" from the "Credential Type"" dropdown.

Matching credential packs do not need a "name", you simply specify the technology and if needed the Computer Name or IP range which the matching pack will match against.

Enter credentials for discovering an Apple Mac using matching credential packs

Run Discovery

Click "Discover" > "Discover" > "Discover a Computer or IP Range". Enter the IP address of the Apple Mac computer, choose the credential pack name just entered, and click "OK".

If a "Matching Credential Pack" was created, the discovery process will use the matching pack without needing to specify the credential pack.

Information Collected by xAssets Network Discovery

Discovery of Apple computers typically takes 10-20 seconds per device, compared to 2-4 seconds for windows. However, in the default configuration, up to 25 devices can be discovered in parallel per subnet, with up to 3 subnets running in parallel, so the overall discovery time is not significantly impacted by the number of devices chosen. There is also a short time window to transfer the data back to the application server and load it into the Asset Management Database.

When completed, the assets will show under the appropriate category in the Asset Register:

Apple Mac Assets listed in the asset register

Click the asset description to drill down into the asset

Apple Mac Asset in the default asset editor screen

Use the tabs on the left to view more detailed information on hardware and software:

Apple Mac Asset hardware tab of the asset editor screen

Enable SSH with a terminal command

This is an alternative to the "Enable SSH" section above, and in practical terms it is more effort than using the dialogs above, but discovery was required on a larger number of Apple Macs, this code could be scripted, although there may be some difficulty around editing the "Allow access for" list of permitted users which is stored in the "sshd_config" file.

Open a terminal window (Command (⌘) + Space, then type "Terminal" and press Enter)

Enable SSH

Open Terminal (using Cmd + Space and type "Terminal").
To enable SSH, use the following command:
sudo systemsetup -setremotelogin on
Enter the administrator password when prompted

Grant Full Disk Access

Go to System Preferences > Security & Privacy > Privacy tab.
Select "Full Disk Access" from the list on the left.
Click the lock icon in the bottom left corner to make changes, then click the "+" button.
Navigate to /usr/sbin/sshd and /usr/sbin/sshd-keygen-wrapper, which are typically located in the /usr/sbin/ directory. Select both files and click "Open".

Add Users for SSH Login

Add SSH users by modifying the SSH configuration file (sshd_config).
Open the SSH configuration file using a text editor like nano or vim. For example:
sudo nano /etc/ssh/sshd_config
Look for the line # AllowUsers (remove the # at the beginning of the line if it's commented out) and add the usernames separated by spaces. For example:
AllowUsers user1 user2
Save the changes and exit the text editor.

Restart SSH

After making changes to the SSH configuration file, you need to restart the SSH service for the changes to take effect. Use the following command:
sudo launchctl stop com.openssh.sshd sudo launchctl start com.openssh.sshd

This should have enabled SSH on the Mac and users specified in the AllowUsers directive will be able to log in via SSH. Full disk access should have been granted to SSH sessions.

If you did want to put all this into a script to run on multiple computers, this is a draft script which you can edit. Take care to ensure that the sed edits are working as intended

        # Enable SSH
        sudo systemsetup -setremotelogin on

        # Grant Full Disk Access
        sudo tccutil --insert /usr/sbin/sshd
        sudo tccutil --insert /usr/sbin/sshd-keygen-wrapper

        # Add Users for SSH Login
        sudo cp /etc/ssh/sshd_config /etc/ssh/sshd_config_backup  # Backup the original configuration file
        sudo sed -i '' '/AllowUsers/s/.*/AllowUsers user1 user2/' /etc/ssh/sshd_config  # Replace user1 and user2 with desired usernames

        # Restart SSH
        sudo launchctl stop com.openssh.sshd
        sudo launchctl start com.openssh.sshd

        echo "SSH configuration completed"

                